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Overview of Indoor Air Pollution: A Human Health Perspective

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Book cover Spatial Modeling and Assessment of Environmental Contaminants

Part of the book series: Environmental Challenges and Solutions ((ECAS))

Abstract

In the modern world, humans spend more than 80 percent of their routine lives in indoors rather than outdoors. In recent decades, the improved living standards in indoor environments like houses, commercial offices, and similar places with decorations, refurbishment activities, remodeling, and new furniture emits toxic gases. Indoor Air Pollutants (IAP) comprises carbon monoxide and dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matters, volatile organic compounds (formaldehyde, benzene, ethylene, etc.), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (biphenyl, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[ghi]perylene, benzo[c]fluorine, etc.). Inhalation of these pollutants are likely to cause mortalities and morbidities illness attributed to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary, and lung cancer diseases in human. According to World Health Organization, around 3.8 million populations die in a year prematurely from illness attributable to indoor pollution, i.e., pneumonia (27%), ischemic heart disease (27%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (20%), stroke (18%) and lung cancer (8%). Under these circumstances, mitigation measures are essential to seal off pollutants from the indoor environment for the protection of occupants from exposure accounting for advanced airflow distribution, photocatalytic oxidation techniques, and green system within indoor includes phytoremediation and biofiltration techniques. Hence, this chapter aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of current information regarding the characterization of indoor air pollutants, its concentration levels, health risk assessment, mitigation strategies, and sustainable remediation intended to reduce the impact of indoor air pollution on human health.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Ambikapathi Ramya & Periyasamy Dhevagi

  2. Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Ambikapathi Nivetha

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  1. Ambikapathi Ramya
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  2. Ambikapathi Nivetha
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  3. Periyasamy Dhevagi
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  1. PG Department of Geography, Raja N. L. Khan Women’s College (Autonomous), Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India

    Pravat Kumar Shit

  2. ICAR-Indian Institute of Water Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Partha Pratim Adhikary

  3. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur, West Bengal, India

    Debashish Sengupta

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Ramya, A., Nivetha, A., Dhevagi, P. (2021). Overview of Indoor Air Pollution: A Human Health Perspective. In: Shit, P.K., Adhikary, P.P., Sengupta, D. (eds) Spatial Modeling and Assessment of Environmental Contaminants. Environmental Challenges and Solutions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63422-3_25

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